The WoT—the optimal zone—is characterized by a sense of groundedness, flexibility, openness, curiosity, presence, an ability to be emotionally regulated, and a capacity to tolerate life’s stressors.

On either side of the “optimal zone” are two other zones: the hyper-arousal zone and the hypo-arousal zone. If you experience internal or external stressors that cause you to move beyond and outside of your WoT - you may find yourself existing in either a hyper-aroused or hypo-aroused state, or existing in both states.

Window of Tolerance

The Window of Tolerance (WoT) is a term coined by Daniel J. Siegel, to describe the optimal emotional “zone” we can exist in, to best function and thrive in everyday life.

Hyperarousal is an emotional state characterized by high energy, anger, panic, irritability, anxiety, hypervigilance, overwhelm, chaos, fight-or-flight instincts, and startle response.

hyperarousal

Hypoarousal, by contrast, is an emotional state characterized by shutting down, numbness, depressiveness, withdrawal, shame, flat affect, and disconnection.

hypoarousal

When we’re within our window, we have access to our prefrontal cortex and executive functioning skills (organizing, planning, and prioritizing complex tasks; starting actions and projects and staying focused on them to completion; regulating emotions and practicing self-control; practicing good time management). Having access to our executive functions equips us to work, be in relationships, and problem-solve effectively as we move through the world, despite encountering hiccups, disappointments, and challenges.

When you are within your Window of Tolerance, you are able to move functionally and relationally through the world.